BJ91T;1021846 said:
They have a higher clamp force than bolts
80 foot lbs. is 80 foot. lbs. I took this from arp's site
2. Do I need head bolts or studs for my engine?
This depends on the installation. On many street-driven vehicles, where the master cylinders and other items protrude into the engine compartment, it’s probably necessary to use head bolts so that the cylinder heads can be removed with the engine in the car. For most applications, however, studs are recommended. Using studs will make it much easier to assemble an engine with the cylinder head and gasket assured of proper alignment. Studs also provide more accurate and consistent torque loading.
3. Do the head studs only go in hand tight?
The studs should be installed finger tight. Then, when applying torque to the nut, the stud will stretch only on the vertical axis. An undercut shorter stud will have a rate similar to a longer, standard shank stud. This provides a more even clamping force on the head. Because the head gasket will compress upon initial torquing, make sure studs (or bolts) are re-torqued after the engine has been run.