metaphysico;1585599 said:
.....explain this exact phenomenon.
To Expand for Grim..........
The difference between a larger and smaller turbo is the efficiency of the compressor wheel to move air threw the particular housing.
Most of the heat in the air discharged from a compressor housing is because the air is physically smaller in volume, not from the turbo being hot. Using 15PSI as a rounded atmospheric pressure, compressing air to 15 PSI would double its temperature from being smaller in volume alone. The reason for this is because there is now double the BTU's of heat contained in half the given volume of air thus making the temperature double whatever it was.
The rest of the heat is from the action of compressing, Nothing is 100% efficient. Turbochargers use centrifugal force to move air. Air has a mass, its little but it still has mass. When the compressor wheel turns the air is "flung" to the housing where it exits. The air drawn in is drawn in by filling the space left by the exiting of the "flung" air. This is the reason turbochargers suffer greatly from an inlet restriction. If theres no air to replace the "flung" air, there is no air to "fling". The Impeller speed will actually rise as there is no air in its way to slow it down, Think hand over a house vacuum hose.
When the compressor wheel is turning at a high rate of speed there is friction between the compressor wheel and the air, and the air and the compressor housing. This friction of the compressor wheel "Beating" the air threw the compressor housing also adds to the heat of the discharged air (action of compressing)
All turbos have an efficiency range. This range is where speed of the impeller and the pressure output of the air are matched and efficiently move threw the housing with the highest airflow VS heat generated ratio. The larger the turbo, the more air it can efficiently flow before the wheel speed or housing size create a restriction resulting in friction and heat.
Most all turbocharger flow rates are rated in Pounds/Minute . This is because CFM does not account for density. One Cubic Foot of air at 30 degrees F is much different then one Cubic Foot of air at 90 degrees F.
Carburetors can be rated in CFM because no matter what the ambient temperature (density), the same CFM (volume) will flow threw them at WOT.
The reason a larger turbo will make more power at a lower boost pressure is because the larger turbo will move more air more efficiently then a smaller turbo.
The Larger turbo will move 60LBs/Min of air into a motor at 20 psi, while a smaller turbo will move 50LBS/MIN of air into a motor at 20PSI.
The reason for this is the temperature of the air going into the intake manifold with the larger turbo will be 80 degrees F, and the temperature of the air going into the intake manifold with the smaller turbo will be 110 degrees F.
Thinking about that more will show since both turbos are creating the same boost pressure there is the same resistance to flow. Overall CFM (volume) to the intake manifold may be exactly the same between the two turbos. Since the temperature is different the density of the air is different therefor the Mass of air (and fuel) being consumed by the engine is different, thus the power output of the engine is different.
Its alot of physics and probably some thermodynamics in action. Its actually pretty cool when you think about it, Or maybe im just a nerd. :biglaugh: