Boost isn't a factor for determing danger level to a motor. It's actually air flow that's the important factor. Since unfortuantely we have no easy way to measure that, the factors we use are the size of the turbo and the modifications to determine the safety of boost. 20psi on a stock CT-26 is not the same as 20psi on a T88. Possibly a better question would be how much power can a stock motor handle. Personally I'd say 500 rwhp would be where you'd want to start upgrading the internals, but you certainly could push the motor further (discounting the HG, which would obviously have to be replaced long before 500). The problem becomes that aftermarket stuff gives you more room for error in tuning but it won't completely save you from user error. A little bit of detonation that may kill stock internals might be handled by aftermarket stuff. Of course aftermarket internals won't save you from bonehead maneuvers like running too lean, running improper octane, running out of coolant/oil, running dirty oil, etc. All in all the 7m is a very stout motor, capable of some serious power. Unfortunately it's just been overshadowed by the superior 2JZ for so long that people discount it as a piece of garbage. In reality it's far superior to most other motors out even today, it just needs some tweaking. A good rule to go by if you don't want to work on the car much is anything below FCO is safe. So long as you don't modify FCO in any way then any amount of boost you can run is safe. Personally I've been running 16-20psi on a 57 trim CT for the past 3 years (40k miles daily driven) on stock internals (with the exception of the HG and ARP's). I attribute that to "doing it the right way", I.E. spending money in the right place. Proper gauges, fuel tuning devices, fuel delivery, intercooler, etc all can extend the life of the motor even pushing almost double stock power.
Short answer: a lot